Türkiye (Turkey) and Syria earthquake 2023: a year on
A year ago, a series of earthquakes devastated Türkiye and Syria. Since then, lives have been reshaped, and ongoing needs are immense.
Last updated 2 February 2024
Freezing weather brings further hardship
On 6 February 2023, a series of earthquakes killed over 55,000 people in Türkiye (Turkey) and Syria, in the worst earthquakes the region has seen in 20 years.
A year on, and the scale of need remains immense. Both countries are facing a bitter winter. Freezing temperatures are heaping more hardship on the many people still living in temporary shelters.
Emotional scars run deep - many people still live surrounded by rubble in a constant visual reminder of the tragedy. Many others have never recovered their loved ones and are unable to grieve.
The road to recovery is long, but staff and volunteers from the Syrian Arab Red Crescent and the Turkish Red Crescent (Kızılay) have supported those hardest hit from the start.
Support our work in Türkiye and Syria
Syria and Türkiye need long-term support – from distributing essential aid items, providing cash assistance to help families rebuild their lives, to providing psychological support. If you can, please help us continue our vital work.
- Donate to the Turkey-Syria Earthquake Appeal.
2023 Turkey Syria earthquake: What happened?
The first powerful earthquake of 7.8 magnitude struck in the early hours of the 6 February 2023 when most people were at home in bed. The epicentre was near the Turkish city of Gaziantep, which is around 150 miles north of the Syrian border.
The second earthquake, just hours later at 1.30pm local time, was further north in central Türkiye and measured 7.5 magnitude. Extensive damage was caused, with buildings collapsing in cities including Adana, Adiyaman, Diyarbakir, Gaziantep, Hatay, Kahramanmaras, Kilis, Matalya, Osmaniye and Sanliurfa.
In Syria, there were reports of collapsed buildings in the Aleppo, Idlib, Lattakia, and Hamma governorates, and extensive damage in rural Damascus.
How has the Red Crescent supported Türkiye and Syria?
Red Crescent teams in both Türkiye and Syria responded to the earthquake immediately.
Since then, more than 80,000 Red Crescent staff and volunteers have worked tirelessly to provide vital support across both countries.
In total, teams have supported 14 million people.
What is the situation today in Türkiye?
In Türkiye, 37,066 buildings collapsed, and over 200,000 buildings were heavily damaged. Rebuilding and recovery will take years, even with the support of the international community.
Hundreds and thousands of people, including children, are living in tents and makeshift shelters with limited access to basic necessities and services, and many have lost their source of income.
The affected region was also hosting more than 1.7 million Syrian refugees (47 per cent of all Syrian refugees in Türkiye) prior to the earthquakes.
How has the Red Crescent been supporting people in Türkiye?
The Turkish Red Crescent Society, or Kızılay, has specific roles under the Turkey Disaster Response Plan.
Expert teams from Kızılay Disaster Response Centers and branches were immediately sent to the region and have been working with the communities ever since, despite being affected themselves.
During the acute phase, Kızılay prepared three meals a day for earthquake victims. The priority was to meet people's nutritional needs, before families moved to containers with cooking facilities. 764,020 people were supported.
Responsible for meeting the country's blood needs, Kızılay also delivered blood from 300 donation points across Turkey. After the earthquake, 1,506,002 people rushed to our blood donation centres.
Other vital services have included water and sanitation, cash support and medical care. Through 12 mobile health units, Kızılay’s volunteer doctors, nurses, public health experts, and psychologists delivered services alongside the Ministry of Health, ranging from echocardiograms and x-rays to vaccinations and first aid.
With freezing weather biting, priority has turned to winter preparedness.
In container cities and rural areas, Kızılay have distributed 26,689 heaters, 35,000 tarpaulins, 78,500 silicone kits, 51,066 winter clothes, and 49,210 blankets.
Ahmed is originally from Syria, but has been living in Reyhanli, Türkiye, a city on the Turkish-Syrian border since 2015. After the earthquake destroyed his home, Ahmed and his family slept outside for ten days.
He says that the earthquake triggered painful memories for the family:
“What I saw here when the earthquake hit was truly heartbreaking. It reminded me of what we experienced in Syria when the shelling used to start. We used to suddenly fall in the street, hide and sleep under trees and in corners. It was very scary.”
“It was extremely sad and made me want to cry, seeing all those victims, women and children. I didn’t know who to help first. I saw people crying over their children, others over their wives and others over their siblings. I saw buildings that were totally damaged."
Ahmed is now living in temporary housing and has been supported with cash assistance by the Turkish Red Crescent, so he can pay rent and buy food. He says:
Without the cash-based assistance, I feel we would have nothing. It helped us cover rent and water bills, and we even used it to buy bread sometimes.
What is the situation after the earthquakes in Syria in 2024?
In Syria, eight million people were directly impacted by the earthquakes. More than 5,550 lives were lost and almost 12,000 were injured.
Thousands of people remain displaced. Many of those affected by the earthquake were already living in vulnerable conditions due to 12 years of armed conflict and a severe and worsening economic crisis. This has caused extensive destruction of cities and towns, massive internal and international displacement..
One year on, we are deeply worried and concerned about the gravely deteriorating humanitarian situation in Syria - there is still a desperate need for relief, recovery and longer-term support.
How has the Red Crescent been supporting people affected by the earthquakes in Syria?
Across the border, the Syrian Arab Red Crescent (SARC) was also on the ground as soon as the earthquake hit, providing life-saving assistance and support to those in need in the regions of Hama, Aleppo, Latakia and Tartous.
In total, 15.8 million individual services have been provided by the disaster management team over the last year:
- 6.8 million medical services have been provided by the health department
- 76,600 services have been provided by the legal service team
- 400,000 services have been provided by the water and rehabilitation team.
- 33,000 families have received cash assistance
- 1,500 families have benefited from livelihood projects
In the centre of Latakia the Syrian Arab Red Crescent's health clinic was so badly damaged by the earthquakes that is has not been safe to treat patients inside it.
Instead, people like Dr Fatima have been providing emergency and non-emergency care in a mobile medical unit.
Dr Fatima says: "We are here in front of the clinic two days a week, and three other days a week we head into the remote villages," she says.
"We've encountered many diseases that were the result of people leaving their homes - lice, scabies, diarrhoea. We have medicine and treatment available but not enough for all the needs people have."
Over 4,000 dedicated Syrian Arab Red Crescent volunteers like Dr Fatima, are still supporting people affected by the earthquake crisis every day.
A huge part of their work has been to help children affected by years of conflict and the traumatic effects of the earthquakes themselves. What little normalcy they had, such as going to school with friends, was destroyed in hours.
At SARC-run mobile health centres, psychosocial support specialists are giving children tools to cope and talk through their problems.
One of the most important goals is to make the children feel safe. But they also encourage play, fun and learning: many of Syria's young people have had to take on heavy responsibilities at a very young age.
British Red Cross support in Syria
In Syria, the British Red Cross has a long-standing partnership with SARC, supporting them in the most locally effective and efficient way.
Given the scale of needs in Syria, we are providing support to those affected by the earthquake and people severely affected by the other ongoing crises.
We know in any emergency, cold weather presents a huge threat, and we're helping 64,335 people to stay warm in Aleppo, Hama, Latakia and Idlib: the areas most affected by the earthquake.
Providing cash assistance means people can choose what they need to make it through winter.
Please help us support our vital work in Türkiye and Syria
If you would like to help people affected by the earthquake, please donate to the Turkey-Syria Earthquake Appeal here.
Funds from the appeal will help the relief effort and to support those who have lost loved ones and, in many cases, have been left with nothing.
The money will also help ongoing relief, as well as longer term aid for those affected.
Turkey-Syria Earthquake Appeal
Our emergency responders are on the ground now, assisting in relief efforts and providing emergency support to people affected by the earthquakes. Together, we are the world's emergency responders. If you can, please donate today.
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